How to execute a will that will hold up legally and halachicly.

As it is well-known, that according to Jewish law there are many strict rules for wills and inheritance (Yerusha in Hebrew). The basic rules that people commonly wish to circumvent are the requirement that a man’s sons are his sole heirs, and the bechor (legal firstborn) would receive a double share. Wives and single daughters receive living expenses from the male heirs, although to fully comprehend these divisions requires much scholarly study and is beyond the scope of this article.

The issue with writing a simple will that allows the wife to inherit fully, or all children to receive equal portions, is that the contract does not take effect until after death, at which time a person has no authority to make monetary transfers according to Jewish law. The Rabbis therefore advise a method to enable a will that accords with halacha and will be upheld in Beth Din. There are three basic steps to the procedure:

NJSLAW CLE: Mortgage Contingency Clause and Ethical Issues in NJ Real Estate Contracts

Live Webinar on April 3, 2017 @ 3:00 PM. Register Here!

The mortgage contingency clause is one of the most important clauses in real estate contracts. However, many attorneys don’t bother to read it. This is a mistake since the terms of the clause, which may differ from contract to contract, can have an immense impact on your client.  

In this program, Alexander Novak and Kim Juhase, will provide an overview of this clause and will discuss the problems that could arise if the wrong language is used. In the second half of the program, they will discuss possible ethical problems that might arise in real estate transactions. They will also provide a brief overview of NY law for those who are dually admitted.

By the program’s end, Juhase and Novak will aim to answer the following questions:

• What are the best terms for the Buyer or the Seller?
• To whom must the Buyer apply for a mortgage loan and in what time period?
• Do conditional commitments satisfy the contract?
• What happens when a mortgage commitment is revoked by the lender?
• How can one avoid malpractice or a grievance complaint in real estate transactions?

Learning Objectives:

1. Understand how different terms on a mortgage contingency clause affect your client
2. Learn how to avoid ethical problems in real estate transactions

Click here to register!

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March Madness: Is NCAA Tournament Gambling Legal?

March Madness is here, and all over America people will be furiously filling out their brackets. Whether you join an office pool or a competition with friends, everyone usually throws a few bucks in the pot for the winner. According to the American Gaming Association, 40 million people fill out brackets each March and will wager an estimated $10.4 billion this year. Of that amount only $65 million is bet legally, with $2 billion being bet in the kind of pools in which you're probably partaking.

As a matter of state law, pay-to-enter NCAA Tournament pools are illegal if they constitute "games of chance." Courts apply various different tests to determine if a game constitutes as “chance”. Under all tests, the likelihood is that NCAA Tournament pools would involve a high level of chance. Remember a couple years ago, when Warren Buffet offered 1 billion dollars for anyone that could predict a perfect bracket? While that was a much longer shot (1 in 9.2 quintillion to be exact) than just coming in first place in your pool, it just goes to show how unpredictable the whole game is. This year Buffet is actually giving any Berkshire Hathaway employee, that can pick the Sweet 16 correctly, $1 million a year, for life. Only 14 out over 11 million brackets predicted that correctly in2015.

Freelance Isn't Free Act

New Protections for Freelance Workers 

Many employers that do not want to commit to hiring a permanent employee with the accompanying expenses such as medical benefits, often hire freelancers for such things as public relations, computer programming, care-giving and housekeeping. Many times the employment relationship is informal, based on nothing more than an oral understanding and many times the freelancer is not paid. A brand new, New York City, law tries to put this to an end.

The law, called the Freelance Isn’t Free Act, L. 2016/140, now requires, that upon demand, an employer of a freelance worker must provide a written contract and the freelancer must be paid pursuant to it, or the employer will suffer dire consequences. 

What Type of Apartment Do You Own?

      How you hold your residential apartment will have enormous legal consequences.  The three major ways of doing so is renting, as a co-op, or a condominium.  However, many people do not realize the differences between them.

            The most familiar one is renting.  A landlord rents one of his apartments to you pursuant to a written lease which sets forth the details of the landlord-tenant relationship. The tenant has no interest in or responsibilities for the common areas. In a multiple dwelling, the landlord is required to maintain not only the common areas by also the tenant’s apartment under a warranty of habitability and quiet enjoyment.  A landlord may be held liable even for damage caused to your apartment by another tenant.

Your Private Emails Can Be Read By Your Employer

Many people, like our former Secretary of State, consider their work e-mail as their own private lifeline to the outside world.  Crude jokes, funny stories about your bosses or put-downs of minorities are exchanged.  However, doing so can get you fired because your emails are not private. Your employer can read them and use them against you in any disciplinary proceedings.

A federal law, the Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986, prohibits the interception of email communications and accessing stored emails without authorization.  Unfortunately, these apparent protections are illusory for employees.  The courts have very narrowly interpreted the statute.  In the first instance, they have interpreted “interception” as being the simultaneous reading of an e-mail as it is being sent.  Reading an email already transmitted does not qualify.   As for stored emails, the law allows for searches by communication service providers.   If your email is stored on your employer’s email server, you are out of luck.  Generally, the courts have also held that employees have no reasonable expectation of privacy in their work computers.

Do not use your work computers for private communications.  Gmail and other servers are free and most of us have smart phone where we can read our emails and texts.  Don’t be another Hilary Clinton. 

Kim Steven Juhase, ESQ.
Partner, Novak Juhase & Stern

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